MCAER PG CET 2026 BOTANY AND GENETICS PLANT BREEDING

 

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MCAER PG CET 2026

Botany, Genetics & Plant Breeding (Advanced Level)

1. In Duplicate Dominant Epistasis, what is the characteristic F2 phenotypic ratio?

9:3:4 15:1 12:3:1 9:7

Correct: B. In duplicate dominant epistasis, a dominant allele at either of the two loci produces the same phenotype (e.g., fruit shape in Shepherd's purse).

2. [PYQ 2022] Nullisomy is represented by the chromosomal formula:

2n + 1 2n - 1 2n - 2 2n - 1 - 1

Correct: C. Nullisomy (2n-2) involves the loss of an entire homologous pair of chromosomes.

3. Which breeding method is most suitable for transferring a specific disease resistance gene from a wild relative to a popular cultivar?

Pedigree Method Bulk Method Backcross Method Pure line Selection

Correct: C. The Backcross method is ideal for "Vertical Resistance" transfer while maintaining the genetic base of the recurrent parent.

4. The enzyme responsible for the 'unwinding' of the DNA double helix during replication is:

DNA Polymerase I Primase Helicase Ligase

Correct: C. Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases to create the replication fork.

5. According to Vavilov, the 'Center of Origin' for Brinjal (Eggplant) is:

China Indo-Burma (Hindustan Centre) Mexico Asia Minor

Correct: B. India is considered the primary center of origin for Solanum melongena.

6. [PYQ 2020] The term 'Genetics' was coined by:

G.J. Mendel W. Johannsen W. Bateson T.H. Morgan

Correct: C. William Bateson coined the term in 1905; Johannsen coined 'Gene', 'Genotype', and 'Phenotype'.

7. In a 'Tri-hybrid' cross, how many types of gametes will be produced by the F1 (AaBbCc)?

4 8 16 64

Correct: B. Using the formula 2^n (where n is the number of heterozygous pairs), 2^3 = 8.

8. Synaptonemal complex formation occurs during which stage of Prophase-I?

Leptotene Zygotene Pachytene Diplotene

Correct: B. Zygotene is characterized by the pairing of homologous chromosomes (synapsis) and the development of the synaptonemal complex.

9. Genetic drift is more likely to occur in:

Large populations Small populations Randomly mating populations Highly fertile populations

Correct: B. Genetic drift (Sewall Wright Effect) refers to random changes in allele frequency, which are more pronounced in small, isolated populations.

10. Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) is primarily governed by:

Nuclear DNA Mitochondrial DNA Ribosomal RNA Chloroplast DNA

Correct: B. CMS is mostly associated with mutations or rearrangements in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA).

Review the detailed explanations provided above.